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Birth: |
2 months: Hep B #2 |
4 months: DTaP #2 Hib #2 IPV #2 PCV #2 |
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6 months: Hep B #3 DTaP #3 Hib #3 (if required) IPV #3 PCV #3 |
12 months: Hib #4 PCV #4 |
15-18 months: DTaP #4 |
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2 years: |
4-6 years: IPV #4 DTaP #5 MMR #2 |
11-12 years: Td booster |
Administration: 3 shots give at birth, 2-4 months, and 6-18 months
Type of vaccine: recombinant of Hep B surface antigen
Notable Side Effects: fever, local reaction; not SIDS or MS
Fun Facts: if mother is HBsAg +, give Hep B immunoglobulin at birth in a separate location than the Hep B vaccination. Test infant for HbsAg and anti-HBs at age 9-15 months.
Administration: 3 primary doses at 2 months, 4 months and 6 months (given with tetanus and pertussis -- DTaP). 2 booster doses at 12-18 months and 4-6 years (DTaP). Booster at age 11 and every ten years thereafter (given with tetanus only -- dT).
Type of vaccine: denatured toxoid protein
Notable Side Effects:
Fun Facts: immunization creates antibodies against the exotoxin to block the cardiac and neurologic effects but does not protect against the organism itself
Administration: 3 primary doses at 2 months, 4 months and 6 months (given with diphtheria and pertussis -- DTaP). 2 booster doses at 12-18 months and 4-6 years (DTaP). Booster at age 11 and every ten years thereafter (given with diphtheria only -- dT).
Type of vaccine: denatured toxoid protein
Notable Side Effects: soreness in injection site, Guillain-Barre and brachial neuritis occur rarely.
Fun Facts: immunization creates antibodies against the exotoxin to block effects but does not protect against the organism itself
Administration: 3 primary doses at 2 months, 4 months and 6 months (given with diphtheria and tetanus -- DTaP). 2 booster doses at 12-18 months and 4-6 years (DTaP).
Type of vaccine: acellular – just antigenic proteins
Notable Side Effects: fevers, prolonged crying, hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes, and seizures have occurred, but are much rarer now that the whole cell preparation is not used.
Fun Facts: the whole cell version caused more serious side effects and thus is not used now
Administration: 4 doses at 2, 4, 6-15 months and at 4-6 years.
Type of vaccine: denatured proteins from the three variants of polio
Notable Side Effects:
Fun Facts: injection (used in the US) has no risk of paralytic poliomyelitis but does not protect against gut infections; oral vaccine (attenuated virus – one that evolved to be less dangerous) is still used in areas with endemic polio
Administration: 2 or 3 primary doses at 2, 4 and (if necessary given brand used) 6 months; 1 booster given at 12-15 months
Type of vaccine: conjugate – the capsular polysaccharide polyribosylribitol phosphate (the virulence factor) is joined to a protein that will excite the infant’s immune system; brands differ by what immunogenic protein is used
Notable Side Effects:
Fun Facts: don’t give to infants younger than 6 weeks or else they may become tolerant – quite contrary to the goal of vaccination
Administration: 1 primary dose at age 12-15 months; 1 booster at 4-6 years
Type of vaccine: attenuated versions of all three viri
Notable Side Effects: transient rash and thrombocytopenia, unproven rare association with encephalitis, rare reports of orchitis/paroditis from mumps and arthritis/arthalgias from rubella, association with autism have been conclusively disproved
Fun Facts: previous version of measles vaccine used killed virus that could lead to atypical measles when exposed to wild-type
Administration: single does for 12 years or younger, two doses if 13 or older
Type of vaccine: attenuated virus
Notable Side Effects: localized varicella rash is possible
Fun Facts: “breakthrough” chicken pox is possible but course is much less severe than in unimmunized patients
Administration: PCV given in 4 doses – 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months
Type of vaccine: PCV is conjugate of capsular polysaccharides of seven strains
Notable Side Effects: febrile seizures
Fun Facts: number of doses in series decreases if given later in life: only 3 if first given after 7 months, and 2 if first given after 12 months. After age 2, the nonconjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PPV – 23 viral variants) can be given as a single shot.
Administration: primary dose after age 2 followed by booster within 6-12 months
Type of vaccine: killed virus
Notable Side Effects:
Fun Facts: only required in some states with higher levels of Hep A (not Ohio)
Administration: two doses separated by one month if <9 years of age; must be given yearly; recommended for those age 6-23 months, >50 years, immunosuppressed, at risk for pulmonary infections, health care workers
Type of vaccine: purified surface antigens of the three most likely flu bugs of the year, as determined by the CDC
Notable Side Effects: Guillain-Barre – seen only in adults
Fun Facts: nasal spray is available but only approved for use in age 5-49
RecombivaxHB: Hepatitis B
Engerix-B: Hepatitis B
Comvax: Hepatitis B and H. flu Type B
Twinrix: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B
Pediarix: DTaP, Hepatitis B and inactivated polio (IPV)
Tripedia: DTaP
Infanrix: DTaP
Daptacel: DTaP
Prevnar: conjugated pneumococcal (heptavalent)
Pneumovax 23: nonconjugated pneumococcal (23 valent)
Varivax: varicella
FluMist: influenza nasal spray
Attenuated live virus vaccines that are not to be given to immunocompromised or pregnant patients: MMR, varicella